{"id":183,"date":"2016-06-16T19:07:23","date_gmt":"2016-06-16T19:07:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/chapter\/62-comparative-superlative\/"},"modified":"2018-01-19T11:35:49","modified_gmt":"2018-01-19T11:35:49","slug":"62-comparative-superlative","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/chapter\/62-comparative-superlative\/","title":{"rendered":"Comparative and Superlative"},"content":{"raw":"\n[caption id=\"attachment_1805\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1024\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/ancientgreek.pressbooks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48881\/2017\/09\/i-6603.jpeg\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-182\" src=\"http:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/navegarvela\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603.jpeg\" alt=\"2011.05.0076\" width=\"1024\" height=\"711\"><\/a> A marble leykythos, inscribed with a name above the left figure. 4th c. B.C. Athenian Agora Excavations.[\/caption]\n<hr>\n<h2><strong>Comparative and Superlative Adjectives<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As we have already learned, adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. In order to describe a noun or pronoun, an adjective must match the noun in gender, number and case.<\/p>\n<p>Greek adjectives also have DEGREES:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The POSITIVE degree refers to the quality or quantity conveyed by the meaning of the adjective\n<ul>\n<li><em>tall<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The COMPARATIVE degree refers to MORE of the quality or quantity conveyed by the adjective\n<ul>\n<li><em>taller<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The SUPERLATIVE degree refers to the MAXIMUM of the quality or quantity conveyed by the adjective\n<ul>\n<li><em>tallest<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Comparative and Superlative Degree:&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For most adjectives, the comparative degree is marked by adding <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> to the masculine stem of the positive degree. To mark the superlative degree, the endings are <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> (S 313; GPH p. 35, ). For adjectives that have these endings, the PERSISTENT ACCENT is on the ANTEPENULT.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> dull, stupid (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative:<span style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;wise (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;trusted&nbsp;(masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 -\u03ad\u03c2<\/span> true (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative:<span style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c2 -\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 -\u03cd<\/span> (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Note that in the above examples, the final <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bf<\/span> of masculine stems sometimes appears as <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c9<\/span> before the addition of the <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4<\/span> markers.&nbsp;Generally speaking, the LENGTH of this vowel is OPPOSITE that of the preceding vowel:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, if the preceding stem vowel is followed by two consonants or a double consonant (e.g. <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03be<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c8<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b6<\/span>), <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bf<\/span> appears regardless of the length of the preceding vowel:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Comparative and Superlative Degree: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As in English, some Greek adjectives form their comparatives and superlatives differently.&nbsp;The most common alternative marker for the comparative degree is&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>. We encountered this form in our previous discussion of adjectives. To review:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> (stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>-) <em>better<\/em> (S 293; GPH p. 11)<\/p>\n<p>Singular<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>M\/F<\/td>\n<td>N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nominative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Genitive<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Accusative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Plural<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>M\/F<\/td>\n<td>N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nominative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Genitive<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Accusative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Adjectives that form their comparative degree with <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;usually form their superlative degree by adding <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>. For adjectives that have these superlative endings, the PERSISTENT ACCENT is on the ANTEPENULT&nbsp;(e.g. <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>).<\/p>\n<p>In many cases,&nbsp;comparatives and superlatives that end in <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span> are adjectives that, while comparative or superlative in meaning, have no positive degree form of their own. These forms are called IRREGULAR COMPARISONS (S 319). Note the following examples.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> good<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better, braver<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better, more virtuous<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better, stronger<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> best, excellent<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> best, most virtuous<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> best, strongest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> bad<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> morally worse<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> worse<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> morally worst<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;worst<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> shameful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more shameful<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b1\u1f34\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most shameful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> hostile<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more hostile<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f14\u03c7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most hostile<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03cd\u03c2 \u2013\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 -\u03cd\u03bd<\/span> sweet<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> \u201csweeter\u201d<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> \u201csweetest\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> beautiful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more beautiful<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most beautiful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1<\/span> big<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;bigger<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> biggest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> small<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smaller<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smaller<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> less, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smallest<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smallest<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> few<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewer<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smaller<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewer, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewest, least<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewest<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd<\/span> many<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> or <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> easy<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03c9\u03bd \u1fe5\u1fb7\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> easier<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1fe5\u1fb7\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> easiest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd<\/span> swift<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b8\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b8\u1fb6\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> swifter<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> swiftest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note also the forms and meanings of these adjectives, which we have already encountered in our lesson on adjectives:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bc\u03c6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> both<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> each (of two)<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> each<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f15\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> other<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> which (of two)?<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> previous&nbsp;&lt; <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> first<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> second<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f55\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> later<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> our<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f51\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> your<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2><strong>Comparative and Superlative Adverbs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Greek adverbs, like adjectives, also have DEGREES:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The POSITIVE degree: <em>wisely<\/em><\/li>\n<li>The COMPARATIVE degree: <em>more wisely<\/em><\/li>\n<li>The SUPERLATIVE degree: <em>most wisely<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Recall that to form the positive degree of most adverbs, start with the GENITIVE PLURAL of the ADJECTIVE and substitute \u2013<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c2<\/span> for the final \u2013<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;(S 343). The ACCENT remains as it was on the genitive plural.<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Adjective<\/td>\n<td>Genitive Plural<\/td>\n<td>Adverb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f21\u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u1f21\u03b4\u03cd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u2013\u03ae \u2013\u03cc\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u1ff6\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In Greek, adverbs do not have unique endings in the comparative and superlative degrees.&nbsp;To form a COMPARATIVE ADVERB, Greek uses the NEUTER ACCUSATIVE SINGULAR form of the COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVE:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more wisely<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To form a SUPERLATIVE ADVERB, Greek uses the NEUTER ACCUSATIVE PLURAL&nbsp;form of the SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVE:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> most wisely<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> most swiftly, quickest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2><strong>Indicating a Comparison<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There are TWO CONSTRUCTIONS in Greek that indicate a COMPARISON in a sentence. Both are translated the same in English.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Using the word <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span> to mean <em>than<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Using the Genitive of Comparison<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Socrates is wiser than Polemarchus.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Socrates speaks more wisely than Polemarchus.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f22 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b7<\/span>! What\u2019s This?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pay close attention to the accent and breathing of <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span>, so you do not confuse it with other words of totally different meaning.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span> or <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f22<\/span> (smooth breathing; acute or grave accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>than <\/em>(comparison)<\/li>\n<li><em>or&nbsp;<\/em>(conjunction)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f26<\/span> (smooth breathing; circumflex accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I was<\/em> (1st sg. imperfect indicative active of <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/span>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21<\/span> (rough breathing; no accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>the<\/em> (fem. nom. sg. of definite article)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25<\/span> or <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f23<\/span> (rough breathing; acute or grave accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>who<\/em>, <em>which<\/em> (fem. nom. sg. of relative pronoun)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f97<\/span> (rough breathing; circumflex accent; iota subscript)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>to\/for whom<\/em>, <em>which<\/em>&nbsp;(fem. dat. sg. of relative pronoun)<\/li>\n<li><em>where<\/em>;&nbsp;<em>which way,<\/em>&nbsp;<em>how<\/em> (adverb from&nbsp;fem. dat. sg. of relative pronoun)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">- \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 -<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Terms and Concepts<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>POSITIVE, COMPARATIVE, AND SUPERLATIVE<\/li>\n<li>COMPARATIVES\/SUPERLATIVES IN&nbsp;-<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/span>\/-<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/li>\n<li>COMPARATIVES\/SUPERLATIVES IN -<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span>\/-<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/li>\n<li>COMPARATIVE ADVERBS<\/li>\n<li>SUPERLATIVE ADVERBS<\/li>\n<li>COMPARISON WITH&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span><\/li>\n<li>GENITIVE OF COMPARISON<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Vocabulary<\/h3>\n<p>\u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd good<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1f00\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd better, braver<\/li>\n<li>\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd better, more virtuous<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd better, stronger<\/li>\n<li>\u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd best, excellent<\/li>\n<li>\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd best, most virtuous<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd best, strongest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd bad<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd morally worse<\/li>\n<li>\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd worse<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd morally worst<\/li>\n<li>\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd&nbsp;worst<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd shameful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more shameful<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1\u1f34\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most shameful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd hostile<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more hostile<\/li>\n<li>\u1f14\u03c7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most hostile<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1f21\u03b4\u03cd\u03c2 \u2013\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 -\u03cd\u03bd sweet<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1f21\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd \u201csweeter\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd \u201csweetest\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd beautiful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more beautiful<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most beautiful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1 big<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd&nbsp;bigger<\/li>\n<li>\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd biggest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd small<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smaller<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smaller<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd less, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smallest<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd smallest<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd few<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd fewer<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smaller<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd fewer, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li>\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd fewest, least<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd fewest<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd many<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd or \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more<\/li>\n<li>\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd easy<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03c9\u03bd \u1fe5\u1fb7\u03bf\u03bd easier<\/li>\n<li>\u1fe5\u1fb7\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd easiest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd swift<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03b8\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b8\u1fb6\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd swifter<\/li>\n<li>\u03c4\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd swiftest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\n<p>\u0399.&nbsp;Please provide the comparative and superlative nominative singulars for each of the following positive adjectives. Each is formed regularly, i.e., the comparatives are formed by adding -\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1, \u03bf\u03bd, and the superlatives are formed by adding -\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7, \u03bf\u03bd.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd wise<\/li>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac, \u03cc\u03bd large<\/li>\n<li>\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd trusted<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03c3\u03b8\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd noble<\/li>\n<li>\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd terrible<\/li>\n<li>\u1f00\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac, \u03cc\u03bd worthy<\/li>\n<li>\u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac, \u03cc\u03bd fearful<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0399\u0399.&nbsp;Translate into Greek and decline in full (all numbers and cases) the following noun-adjective combinations. Be sure to include the appropriate articles.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The most virtuous life<\/li>\n<li>The wiser battle<\/li>\n<li>The sweetest bread<\/li>\n<li>The bigger book<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n","rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1805\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1805\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ancientgreek.pressbooks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48881\/2017\/09\/i-6603.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-182\" src=\"\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/navegarvela\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603.jpeg\" alt=\"2011.05.0076\" width=\"1024\" height=\"711\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603-300x208.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603-768x533.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603-65x45.jpeg 65w, https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603-225x156.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2017\/09\/i-6603-350x243.jpeg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1805\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A marble leykythos, inscribed with a name above the left figure. 4th c. B.C. Athenian Agora Excavations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Comparative and Superlative Adjectives<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As we have already learned, adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. In order to describe a noun or pronoun, an adjective must match the noun in gender, number and case.<\/p>\n<p>Greek adjectives also have DEGREES:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The POSITIVE degree refers to the quality or quantity conveyed by the meaning of the adjective\n<ul>\n<li><em>tall<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The COMPARATIVE degree refers to MORE of the quality or quantity conveyed by the adjective\n<ul>\n<li><em>taller<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The SUPERLATIVE degree refers to the MAXIMUM of the quality or quantity conveyed by the adjective\n<ul>\n<li><em>tallest<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Comparative and Superlative Degree:&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For most adjectives, the comparative degree is marked by adding <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> to the masculine stem of the positive degree. To mark the superlative degree, the endings are <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> (S 313; GPH p. 35, ). For adjectives that have these endings, the PERSISTENT ACCENT is on the ANTEPENULT.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> dull, stupid (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative:<span style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;wise (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;trusted&nbsp;(masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 -\u03ad\u03c2<\/span> true (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative:<span style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c2 -\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 -\u03cd<\/span> (masc. stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5<\/span>-)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comparative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2&nbsp;-\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Superlative: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Note that in the above examples, the final <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bf<\/span> of masculine stems sometimes appears as <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c9<\/span> before the addition of the <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4<\/span> markers.&nbsp;Generally speaking, the LENGTH of this vowel is OPPOSITE that of the preceding vowel:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, if the preceding stem vowel is followed by two consonants or a double consonant (e.g. <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03be<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c8<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b6<\/span>), <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bf<\/span> appears regardless of the length of the preceding vowel:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Comparative and Superlative Degree: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As in English, some Greek adjectives form their comparatives and superlatives differently.&nbsp;The most common alternative marker for the comparative degree is&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>. We encountered this form in our previous discussion of adjectives. To review:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> (stem: <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>-) <em>better<\/em> (S 293; GPH p. 11)<\/p>\n<p>Singular<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>M\/F<\/td>\n<td>N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nominative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Genitive<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Accusative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Plural<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>M\/F<\/td>\n<td>N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nominative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Genitive<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Accusative<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Adjectives that form their comparative degree with <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;usually form their superlative degree by adding <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>. For adjectives that have these superlative endings, the PERSISTENT ACCENT is on the ANTEPENULT&nbsp;(e.g. <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>).<\/p>\n<p>In many cases,&nbsp;comparatives and superlatives that end in <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span>\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">-\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span> are adjectives that, while comparative or superlative in meaning, have no positive degree form of their own. These forms are called IRREGULAR COMPARISONS (S 319). Note the following examples.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> good<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better, braver<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better, more virtuous<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better, stronger<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> best, excellent<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> best, most virtuous<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> best, strongest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> bad<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> morally worse<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> worse<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> morally worst<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;worst<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> shameful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more shameful<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b1\u1f34\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most shameful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> hostile<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more hostile<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f14\u03c7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most hostile<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03cd\u03c2 \u2013\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 -\u03cd\u03bd<\/span> sweet<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> \u201csweeter\u201d<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> \u201csweetest\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> beautiful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more beautiful<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most beautiful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1<\/span> big<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;bigger<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> biggest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd<\/span> small<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smaller<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smaller<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> less, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smallest<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smallest<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> few<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewer<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> smaller<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewer, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewest, least<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> fewest<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd<\/span> many<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> or <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> most<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> easy<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03c9\u03bd \u1fe5\u1fb7\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> easier<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1fe5\u1fb7\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> easiest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd<\/span> swift<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b8\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b8\u1fb6\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> swifter<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> swiftest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note also the forms and meanings of these adjectives, which we have already encountered in our lesson on adjectives:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bc\u03c6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> both<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> each (of two)<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> each<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f15\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> other<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> which (of two)?<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b1 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> previous&nbsp;&lt; <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> first<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> second<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f55\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> later<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> our<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f51\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> your<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Comparative and Superlative Adverbs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Greek adverbs, like adjectives, also have DEGREES:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The POSITIVE degree: <em>wisely<\/em><\/li>\n<li>The COMPARATIVE degree: <em>more wisely<\/em><\/li>\n<li>The SUPERLATIVE degree: <em>most wisely<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Recall that to form the positive degree of most adverbs, start with the GENITIVE PLURAL of the ADJECTIVE and substitute \u2013<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c2<\/span> for the final \u2013<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03bd<\/span>&nbsp;(S 343). The ACCENT remains as it was on the genitive plural.<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Adjective<\/td>\n<td>Genitive Plural<\/td>\n<td>Adverb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f21\u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u1f21\u03b4\u03cd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21\u03b4\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u2013\u03ae \u2013\u03cc\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u1ff6\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In Greek, adverbs do not have unique endings in the comparative and superlative degrees.&nbsp;To form a COMPARATIVE ADVERB, Greek uses the NEUTER ACCUSATIVE SINGULAR form of the COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVE:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> more wisely<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> better<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To form a SUPERLATIVE ADVERB, Greek uses the NEUTER ACCUSATIVE PLURAL&nbsp;form of the SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVE:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> most wisely<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> most swiftly, quickest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Indicating a Comparison<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There are TWO CONSTRUCTIONS in Greek that indicate a COMPARISON in a sentence. Both are translated the same in English.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Using the word <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span> to mean <em>than<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Using the Genitive of Comparison<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Socrates is wiser than Polemarchus.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Socrates speaks more wisely than Polemarchus.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f22 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f41 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b7<\/span>! What\u2019s This?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pay close attention to the accent and breathing of <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span>, so you do not confuse it with other words of totally different meaning.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span> or <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f22<\/span> (smooth breathing; acute or grave accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>than <\/em>(comparison)<\/li>\n<li><em>or&nbsp;<\/em>(conjunction)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f26<\/span> (smooth breathing; circumflex accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I was<\/em> (1st sg. imperfect indicative active of <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/span>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f21<\/span> (rough breathing; no accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>the<\/em> (fem. nom. sg. of definite article)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f25<\/span> or <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f23<\/span> (rough breathing; acute or grave accent)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>who<\/em>, <em>which<\/em> (fem. nom. sg. of relative pronoun)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f97<\/span> (rough breathing; circumflex accent; iota subscript)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>to\/for whom<\/em>, <em>which<\/em>&nbsp;(fem. dat. sg. of relative pronoun)<\/li>\n<li><em>where<\/em>;&nbsp;<em>which way,<\/em>&nbsp;<em>how<\/em> (adverb from&nbsp;fem. dat. sg. of relative pronoun)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">&#8211; \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Terms and Concepts<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>POSITIVE, COMPARATIVE, AND SUPERLATIVE<\/li>\n<li>COMPARATIVES\/SUPERLATIVES IN&nbsp;&#8211;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/span>\/-<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/li>\n<li>COMPARATIVES\/SUPERLATIVES IN &#8211;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span>\/-<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/li>\n<li>COMPARATIVE ADVERBS<\/li>\n<li>SUPERLATIVE ADVERBS<\/li>\n<li>COMPARISON WITH&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u1f24<\/span><\/li>\n<li>GENITIVE OF COMPARISON<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Vocabulary<\/h3>\n<p>\u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd good<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1f00\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd better, braver<\/li>\n<li>\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd better, more virtuous<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd better, stronger<\/li>\n<li>\u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd best, excellent<\/li>\n<li>\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd best, most virtuous<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd best, strongest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd bad<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd morally worse<\/li>\n<li>\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd worse<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd morally worst<\/li>\n<li>\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd&nbsp;worst<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd shameful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03b1\u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more shameful<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1\u1f34\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most shameful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd hostile<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more hostile<\/li>\n<li>\u1f14\u03c7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most hostile<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1f21\u03b4\u03cd\u03c2 \u2013\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 -\u03cd\u03bd sweet<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1f21\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd \u201csweeter\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd \u201csweetest\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ae -\u03cc\u03bd beautiful<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more beautiful<\/li>\n<li>\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most beautiful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1 big<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd&nbsp;bigger<\/li>\n<li>\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd biggest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 -\u03ac -\u03cc\u03bd small<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smaller<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smaller<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd less, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smallest<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd smallest<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd few<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd fewer<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd smaller<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd fewer, worse, weaker<\/li>\n<li>\u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd fewest, least<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 -\u03b7 -\u03bf\u03bd fewest<\/li>\n<li>\u1f25\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 least of all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd many<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd or \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd more<\/li>\n<li>\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd most<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b1 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd easy<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1fe5\u1fb4\u03c9\u03bd \u1fe5\u1fb7\u03bf\u03bd easier<\/li>\n<li>\u1fe5\u1fb7\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd easiest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd swift<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03b8\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b8\u1fb6\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd swifter<\/li>\n<li>\u03c4\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013\u03b7 \u2013\u03bf\u03bd swiftest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\n<p>\u0399.&nbsp;Please provide the comparative and superlative nominative singulars for each of the following positive adjectives. Each is formed regularly, i.e., the comparatives are formed by adding -\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1, \u03bf\u03bd, and the superlatives are formed by adding -\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7, \u03bf\u03bd.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd wise<\/li>\n<li>\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac, \u03cc\u03bd large<\/li>\n<li>\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd trusted<\/li>\n<li>\u1f10\u03c3\u03b8\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd noble<\/li>\n<li>\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ae, \u03cc\u03bd terrible<\/li>\n<li>\u1f00\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac, \u03cc\u03bd worthy<\/li>\n<li>\u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac, \u03cc\u03bd fearful<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0399\u0399.&nbsp;Translate into Greek and decline in full (all numbers and cases) the following noun-adjective combinations. Be sure to include the appropriate articles.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The most virtuous life<\/li>\n<li>The wiser battle<\/li>\n<li>The sweetest bread<\/li>\n<li>The bigger book<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-183","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":18,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/183","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/183\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":184,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/183\/revisions\/184"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/18"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/183\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=183"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=183"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}