{"id":49,"date":"2017-08-17T16:10:36","date_gmt":"2017-08-17T16:10:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/chapter\/12-reading\/"},"modified":"2018-01-19T11:35:12","modified_gmt":"2018-01-19T11:35:12","slug":"12-reading","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/chapter\/12-reading\/","title":{"rendered":"Reading Passages"},"content":{"raw":"\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Reading Passages<\/p>\n<p><b>Assignment<\/b><\/p>\n<p>For each of the following Greek sentences: 1). Read it aloud; 2). Parse each verb and noun; and 3). Translate each sentence into English.&nbsp;To download this assignment as a pdf, click here:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ancientgreek.pressbooks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48881\/2017\/10\/AGE-Readings-3.pdf\">AGE Readings 3<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Classical Readings<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1. When Euripides died in 406 BC, he left behind several scripts of plays that were never performed during his lifetime. One of these is <i>Iphigenia at Aulis<\/i>. It is set at Aulis, where the collected forces of Greece are ready to sail to Troy to start the Trojan War. Agamemnon, the leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War, is called upon to sacrifice his oldest daughter to the goddess Artemis so the Greek forces can sail to Troy. The play chronicles the controversy that ensues over whether Agamemnon\u2019s daughter, Iphigenia, should be sacrificed.<\/p>\n<p>Clytemnestra, Iphigenia\u2019s mother, arrives. She meets the Greek warrior Achilles and introduces herself:<\/p>\n<p>\u039b\u03ae\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2, \u039a\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad \u03bc\u03bf\u1f50\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76\u03bd \u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03b1\u03be.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 Agamemnon<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f04\u03bd\u03b1\u03be \u2013\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 chief<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039b\u03ae\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 (gen sg) \u1f21 Leda<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 (dat sg) me<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03bf\u1f50\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd = \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 husband<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Euripides <i>Iphigenia at Aulis <\/i>828<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2. In another play, another member of the family arrives and introduces himself:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039a\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u2019 \u1f48\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 Agamemnon<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 (gen sg) \u1f21 Clytemnestra<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 offspring<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Euripides <i>Andromache <\/i>885<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3. In a lawsuit c. 323 BC about a breach of contract, a man (possibly named Darius) alleges, among other things, that the defendant has not repaid his loans:<\/p>\n<p>\u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 into<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc plain view<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc security (for a loan)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9 set up<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u2013\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc thing; (pl) money<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Demosthenes 56.3<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>4. Having just made an uneasy alliance with Seuthes II, King of Thrace, the Greeks prepare for the night:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f65\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9 set up<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03be -\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 night watchman<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u2013\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc password<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f65\u03c1\u03b1 (\u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd) (nom sg) \u1f21 hour<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Xenophon <i>Anabasis <\/i>7.3.34<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>5.&nbsp;Aristotle is studying the problem of growth and decay and gives an example of how bodies can be susceptible to change from forces through an intermediate agent:<\/p>\n<p>\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f00\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1, \u1f41 \u03b4\u2019 \u1f00\u1f74\u03c1 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03ae\u03c1, \u1f00\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 air<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 (3<sup>rd<\/sup> sg) heats<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1, \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc fire<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>On Generation and Corruption <\/i>327a5<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>6. Aristotle is preparing to analyze the parts of the bodies of animals. He discusses the theory that the physics of basic substances governed the growth and form of animals:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f41 \u03b4\u2019 \u1f00\u1f74\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f55\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03ae\u03c1, \u1f00\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 air<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1, \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc water<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03bb\u03b7 (nom sg) \u1f21 wood, material, matter<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>Parts of Animals <\/i>640b16<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>7. This is from an ancient collection of problems that intellectuals and philosophers tried to solve. This particular one asks why the sound of crying is shrill (\u1f40\u03be\u03cd) but laughing is a lower sound (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd). In part, the explanation is:<\/p>\n<p>\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c6\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f31 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2\u2026\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd -\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 laughing person<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc hot<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 crying person<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc colder<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">ps-Aristotle <i>Problems <\/i>900a26-28<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>8. Aristotle here is trying to establish the First Principle of everything (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f21 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae) in the cosmos. He discusses a number of earlier philosophers, all of whom reckon this Principle as corporeal (\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae):<\/p>\n<p>\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1, \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc fire<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc this kind<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1, \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc water<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>Metaphysics <\/i>987a5<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>9. Aristotle explains the distribution of power in a democracy:<\/p>\n<p>\u03bf\u1f50 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f41 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u2019 \u1f41 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u2019 \u1f41 \u1f10\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u1f04\u03c1\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u1f74 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41 \u03b4\u1fc6\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae (nom sg) \u1f21 council<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 council member<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u1fc6\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 Demos (the democratic citizen body of the city)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc court<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 juror<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 assembly member<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>Politics <\/i>1282a35<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Biblical Readings<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1. Isaiah quotes God on monotheism:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f10\u03b3\u03ce \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 other<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03b3\u03ce (nom sg) I<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 god<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">LXX Is. 45:22<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2. The Pharisees question the blind man after Jesus has restored his sight, and at one point say:<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u1f7a \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039c\u03c9\u03cb\u03c3\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03af.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (gen sg) \u1f41 that man (Jesus)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 (nom pl) we<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03af (nom. pl.) \u1f41 student<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039c\u03c9\u03cb\u03c3\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 (gen sg) \u1f41 Moses<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c3\u03cd (nom. sg.) you<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd 9:28<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3. The names of the Apostles:<\/p>\n<p>\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1\u00b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u1f41 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f08\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f38\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0396\u03b5\u03b2\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6,<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 brother<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd (gen pl) apostle<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 his<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1 twelve<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 called<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 first<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc these<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b8\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd 10:2<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>4. The names of the Apostles continued:<\/p>\n<p>\u03a6\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2, \u0398\u03c9\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b8\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u1f38\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f09\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0398\u03b1\u03b4\u03b4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u1f41 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f38\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f38\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd him<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 who betrayed<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 tax collector<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b8\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd 10:3-4<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>5. Paul likens the individual members of a church to the limbs of a body and concludes:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7...<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc limb<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 (nom pl) y\u2019all<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 (gen sg) \u1f41 Christ<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03a0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u2019 12:27<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>6. Paul is discussing the Resurrection Body:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f41 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7c\u03c2 \u1f20\u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 (dat sg) \u1f41 him, \u03c4\u03cc it<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff3 (dat sg) \u1f41, \u03c4\u03cc each<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f20\u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd (3<sup>rd<\/sup> sg) wishes<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 god<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc their own<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 as<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u2013\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc seed<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03a0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u2019 15:38<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>7. From the first letter of John:<\/p>\n<p>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f21 \u1f00\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2,&nbsp; \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f37\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f15\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 (nom sg) \u1f21 truth<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f15\u03bd (nom\/acc) \u03c4\u03cc one<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 into<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc bearing witness<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd -\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 bearing witness<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 (nom) \u1f41 three<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1, \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc water<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u2019 5: 6-8<\/p>\n\n","rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center\">Reading Passages<\/p>\n<p><b>Assignment<\/b><\/p>\n<p>For each of the following Greek sentences: 1). Read it aloud; 2). Parse each verb and noun; and 3). Translate each sentence into English.&nbsp;To download this assignment as a pdf, click here:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ancientgreek.pressbooks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48881\/2017\/10\/AGE-Readings-3.pdf\">AGE Readings 3<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Classical Readings<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1. When Euripides died in 406 BC, he left behind several scripts of plays that were never performed during his lifetime. One of these is <i>Iphigenia at Aulis<\/i>. It is set at Aulis, where the collected forces of Greece are ready to sail to Troy to start the Trojan War. Agamemnon, the leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War, is called upon to sacrifice his oldest daughter to the goddess Artemis so the Greek forces can sail to Troy. The play chronicles the controversy that ensues over whether Agamemnon\u2019s daughter, Iphigenia, should be sacrificed.<\/p>\n<p>Clytemnestra, Iphigenia\u2019s mother, arrives. She meets the Greek warrior Achilles and introduces herself:<\/p>\n<p>\u039b\u03ae\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2, \u039a\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad \u03bc\u03bf\u1f50\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76\u03bd \u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03b1\u03be.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 Agamemnon<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f04\u03bd\u03b1\u03be \u2013\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 chief<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039b\u03ae\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 (gen sg) \u1f21 Leda<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 (dat sg) me<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03bf\u1f50\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd = \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 husband<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Euripides <i>Iphigenia at Aulis <\/i>828<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2. In another play, another member of the family arrives and introduces himself:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039a\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u2019 \u1f48\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f08\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u2013\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 Agamemnon<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 (gen sg) \u1f21 Clytemnestra<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 offspring<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Euripides <i>Andromache <\/i>885<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3. In a lawsuit c. 323 BC about a breach of contract, a man (possibly named Darius) alleges, among other things, that the defendant has not repaid his loans:<\/p>\n<p>\u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 into<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc plain view<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc security (for a loan)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9 set up<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u2013\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc thing; (pl) money<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Demosthenes 56.3<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>4. Having just made an uneasy alliance with Seuthes II, King of Thrace, the Greeks prepare for the night:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f65\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9 set up<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bd\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03be -\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 night watchman<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u2013\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc password<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f65\u03c1\u03b1 (\u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd) (nom sg) \u1f21 hour<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Xenophon <i>Anabasis <\/i>7.3.34<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>5.&nbsp;Aristotle is studying the problem of growth and decay and gives an example of how bodies can be susceptible to change from forces through an intermediate agent:<\/p>\n<p>\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f00\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1, \u1f41 \u03b4\u2019 \u1f00\u1f74\u03c1 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03ae\u03c1, \u1f00\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 air<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 (3<sup>rd<\/sup> sg) heats<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1, \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc fire<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>On Generation and Corruption <\/i>327a5<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>6. Aristotle is preparing to analyze the parts of the bodies of animals. He discusses the theory that the physics of basic substances governed the growth and form of animals:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f41 \u03b4\u2019 \u1f00\u1f74\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f55\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03ae\u03c1, \u1f00\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 air<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1, \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc water<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03bb\u03b7 (nom sg) \u1f21 wood, material, matter<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>Parts of Animals <\/i>640b16<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>7. This is from an ancient collection of problems that intellectuals and philosophers tried to solve. This particular one asks why the sound of crying is shrill (\u1f40\u03be\u03cd) but laughing is a lower sound (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd). In part, the explanation is:<\/p>\n<p>\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c6\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f31 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2\u2026\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd -\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 laughing person<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc hot<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd -\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 crying person<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc colder<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">ps-Aristotle <i>Problems <\/i>900a26-28<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>8. Aristotle here is trying to establish the First Principle of everything (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f21 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae) in the cosmos. He discusses a number of earlier philosophers, all of whom reckon this Principle as corporeal (\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae):<\/p>\n<p>\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1, \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc fire<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc this kind<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1, \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc water<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>Metaphysics <\/i>987a5<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>9. Aristotle explains the distribution of power in a democracy:<\/p>\n<p>\u03bf\u1f50 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f41 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u2019 \u1f41 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u2019 \u1f41 \u1f10\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u1f04\u03c1\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u1f74 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41 \u03b4\u1fc6\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae (nom sg) \u1f21 council<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 council member<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u1fc6\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 Demos (the democratic citizen body of the city)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc court<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 juror<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 assembly member<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Aristotle <i>Politics <\/i>1282a35<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Biblical Readings<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1. Isaiah quotes God on monotheism:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f10\u03b3\u03ce \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 other<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03b3\u03ce (nom sg) I<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 god<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">LXX Is. 45:22<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2. The Pharisees question the blind man after Jesus has restored his sight, and at one point say:<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u1f7a \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039c\u03c9\u03cb\u03c3\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03af.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (gen sg) \u1f41 that man (Jesus)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 (nom pl) we<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (nom sg) \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03af (nom. pl.) \u1f41 student<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039c\u03c9\u03cb\u03c3\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 (gen sg) \u1f41 Moses<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c3\u03cd (nom. sg.) you<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd 9:28<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3. The names of the Apostles:<\/p>\n<p>\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1\u00b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u1f41 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f08\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f38\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0396\u03b5\u03b2\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6,<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 brother<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd (gen pl) apostle<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 his<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1 twelve<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 called<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 first<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc these<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b8\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd 10:2<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>4. The names of the Apostles continued:<\/p>\n<p>\u03a6\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2, \u0398\u03c9\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b8\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u1f38\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f09\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0398\u03b1\u03b4\u03b4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u1f41 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f38\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f38\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd him<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 who betrayed<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 tax collector<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b8\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd 10:3-4<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>5. Paul likens the individual members of a church to the limbs of a body and concludes:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 (nom\/acc pl) \u03c4\u03cc limb<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 (nom pl) y\u2019all<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 (gen sg) \u1f41 Christ<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03a0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u2019 12:27<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>6. Paul is discussing the Resurrection Body:<\/p>\n<p>\u1f41 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7c\u03c2 \u1f20\u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 (dat sg) \u1f41 him, \u03c4\u03cc it<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff3 (dat sg) \u1f41, \u03c4\u03cc each<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f20\u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd (3<sup>rd<\/sup> sg) wishes<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2 (nom sg) \u1f41 god<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc their own<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 as<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u2013\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc seed<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03a0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u2019 15:38<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>7. From the first letter of John:<\/p>\n<p>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f21 \u1f00\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2,&nbsp; \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f37\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f15\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f00\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 (nom sg) \u1f21 truth<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f15\u03bd (nom\/acc) \u03c4\u03cc one<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 into<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd (nom\/acc sg) \u03c4\u03cc bearing witness<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd -\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 bearing witness<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 (nom) \u1f41 three<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1, \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc water<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u2019 5: 6-8<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-49","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":18,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49\/revisions\/50"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/18"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=49"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=49"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/ancientgreek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=49"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}