{"id":72,"date":"2016-08-26T20:08:06","date_gmt":"2016-08-26T20:08:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/chapter\/licao-13\/"},"modified":"2018-01-16T14:04:23","modified_gmt":"2018-01-16T14:04:23","slug":"licao-13","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/chapter\/licao-13\/","title":{"rendered":"Li\u00e7\u00e3o 13"},"content":{"raw":"\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Learning Objectives - Objetivos da Li\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Li\u00e7\u00e3o 13<\/strong>&nbsp;presents:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>comparatives of superiority,&nbsp;inferiority <\/b>and <strong>equality<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>superlatives, <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>commands,<\/strong> and<\/li>\n<li>relevant&nbsp;vocabulary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>After completing this lesson, the student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>compare objects in terms of superiority, inferiority, and equality.<\/li>\n<li>give commands.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<h2>Grammar - Gram\u00e1tica<\/h2>\n<h3>Comparatives -&nbsp;Os comparativos<\/h3>\n<p><span>To form the comparative in Portuguese it is necessary to place the words <strong>mais<\/strong> or <strong>menos<\/strong>&nbsp;before the adjective, or adverb or noun:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ele&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;alto; eles s\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>mais&nbsp;altos<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[He is tall; they are&nbsp;<strong>taller<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Esta li\u00e7\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;dif\u00edcil; aquela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>menos dif\u00edcil<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[This lesson is difficult; that one is&nbsp;<strong>less difficult<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu me levanto cedo; ele se levanta&nbsp;<strong>mais cedo<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I get up early; he gets up&nbsp;<strong>earlier<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N\u00f3s&nbsp;\u00edamos ao cinema toda semana;&nbsp;agora vou&nbsp;<strong>menos frequentemente<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[We used to go to the movies every week; now I go&nbsp;<strong>less frequently<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tenho pouco dinheiro; Paulo tem&nbsp;<strong>menos dinheiro<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>&nbsp;[I have little money; Paul has&nbsp;<strong>less<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Elsa tem muitas blusas; Teresa tem mais blusas.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Elsa has a lot of shirts; Teresa has&nbsp;<strong>more<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express the word&nbsp;than&nbsp;in a comparative sentence, one uses either&nbsp;<strong>do que<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>que<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais alta&nbsp;<strong>(do) que<\/strong>&nbsp;Maria.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She is&nbsp;taller&nbsp;<strong>than<\/strong>&nbsp;Mary.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Estas li\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00eam&nbsp;menos exerc\u00edcios&nbsp;<strong>(do) que<\/strong>&nbsp;as outras.<\/td>\n<td><em>[These lessons have&nbsp;fewer exercises&nbsp;<strong>than<\/strong>&nbsp;the others.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Formation of the superlative - A forma\u00e7\u00e3o do superlativo<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To form the superlative in Portuguese it is necessary to use the definite article before the comparative form of the adjective or adverb:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Andr\u00e9, Pedro e M\u00e1rio s\u00e3o altos. Andre \u00e9&nbsp;<strong>o mais alto<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Andr\u00e9, Pedro and M\u00e1rio are tall. Andr\u00e9 is&nbsp;<strong>the tallest<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela leu&nbsp;<strong>o<\/strong>&nbsp;romance&nbsp;<strong>mais interessante<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She read&nbsp;<strong>the most interesting<\/strong>&nbsp;novel.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Estas ilhas s\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>as menos conhecidas<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[These islands are&nbsp;<strong>the least known<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express&nbsp;<strong>in<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>of<\/strong>&nbsp;after a superlative, use the word&nbsp;<strong>de<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;a mais alta&nbsp;<strong>d<\/strong>as tr\u00eas.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She is the tallest&nbsp;<strong>of&nbsp;<\/strong>the three.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00c9 o pa\u00eds menos desenvolvido&nbsp;<strong>d<\/strong>o mundo.<\/td>\n<td><em>[It is the least developed country<strong>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<\/strong>the world.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express&nbsp;<strong>more than<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>less than&nbsp;(fewer than)<\/strong> before numerals, use <strong>mais de<\/strong> or <strong>menos de<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ele tem&nbsp;<strong>mais de<\/strong>&nbsp;vinte primos.<\/td>\n<td><em>[He has&nbsp;<strong>more than<\/strong>&nbsp;twenty cousins.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Menos de<\/strong>&nbsp;quarenta pessoas apareceram.<\/td>\n<td><em>[<strong>Fewer than<\/strong>&nbsp;40 people appeared.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Comparatives of equality&nbsp;are formed by placing the&nbsp;<strong>adjective<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>adverb<\/strong>&nbsp;between the invariable&nbsp;words&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o...&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o... como<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu sou&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;inteligente&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;ele.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I am&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;intelligent&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;he.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu sou&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;inteligente&nbsp;<strong>como<\/strong>&nbsp;ele.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Levanto-me&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;cedo&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;voc\u00ea.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I get up&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;early&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;you.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Levanto-me&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;cedo&nbsp;<strong>como<\/strong>&nbsp;voc\u00ea.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>As much (As many)...&nbsp;<\/strong>as&nbsp;expressed by&nbsp;<strong>tanto&nbsp;(tantos)...&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>.&nbsp;<strong>Tanto<\/strong>&nbsp;is an adjective and must agree in gender and number with the <strong>noun<\/strong> it modifies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Edu tem&nbsp;<strong>tanto<\/strong>&nbsp;dinheiro&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;Cl\u00f3vis.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Edu has&nbsp;<strong>as much<\/strong>&nbsp;money&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;Cl\u00f3vis.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu falo&nbsp;<strong>tantas&nbsp;<\/strong>l\u00ednguas&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;ele.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I speak&nbsp;<strong>as many<\/strong>&nbsp;languages&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;he.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela faz&nbsp;<strong>tantos<\/strong>&nbsp;projetos&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;eu.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She develops&nbsp;<strong>as many<\/strong>&nbsp;projects&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;I.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express&nbsp;<strong>as much as<\/strong>, use&nbsp;<strong>tanto quanto<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>O pai fala&nbsp;<strong>tanto&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;a filha.<\/td>\n<td><em>[The father talks&nbsp;<strong>as much as<\/strong>&nbsp;the daughter.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Trabalhamos&nbsp;<strong>tanto&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;voc\u00ea.<\/td>\n<td><em>[We work&nbsp;<strong>as much as<\/strong>&nbsp;you.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Adjectives and adverbs with irregular comparative forms - Adjetivos e adv\u00e9rbios com comparativos irregulares<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Adjectives<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Comparative<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>bom, boa<\/td>\n<td><em>[good]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>melhor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[better]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mau, m\u00e1<\/td>\n<td><em>[bad]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>pior<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[worse]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>grande<\/td>\n<td><em>[big, large, great, grand]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>maior<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[bigger, larger, greater, grander]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pequeno, -a<\/td>\n<td><em>[small, little (size)]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>menor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[smaller]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>muito, -a<\/td>\n<td><em>[much, many]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>mais<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[more]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pouco, -a<\/td>\n<td><em>[little (amount), few]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>menos<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[fewer, less]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>A sua casa \u00e9 grande, mas a minha \u00e9&nbsp;<strong>maior.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[Your house is big, but mine is <b>bigger<\/b>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>O vinho franc\u00eas \u00e9 bom, mas eu acho que o vinho portugu\u00eas \u00e9&nbsp;<strong>melhor<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[French wine is good, but I think that Portuguese wine is <b>better<\/b>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Adverbs<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Comparative<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>muito<\/td>\n<td><em>[a lot]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>mais<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[more]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pouco<\/td>\n<td><em>[little]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>menos<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[less]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bem<\/td>\n<td><em>[well]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>melhor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[better]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mal<\/td>\n<td><em>[badly, poorly]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>pior<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[worse]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu falo espanhol muito bem, mas falo ingl\u00eas&nbsp;<strong>melhor<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I speak Spanish well, but I speak English&nbsp;<strong>better<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Guilherme estuda muito, mas a Gisele estuda&nbsp;<strong>mais<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Guilherme studies a lot, but Gisele studies&nbsp;<strong>more<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5>13.1 Practice - Pr\u00e1tica<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.1 A.<\/strong>&nbsp;Answer each question with a complete sentence, using the&nbsp;<strong>comparative<\/strong>&nbsp;in each reply.<\/p>\n<p>Raul&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;inteligente mas Nei n\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;t\u00e3o inteligente. Qual&nbsp;dos dois&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais inteligente?<br>\n-Raul&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>mais inteligente do que<\/strong>&nbsp;Nei.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Celso tem 15 anos mas a irm\u00e3 tem 12 anos. Qual dos dois&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais velho?<br>\n2.&nbsp;A primeira li\u00e7\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;dif\u00edcil, mas a quinta&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;dific\u00edlima. Qual das duas li\u00e7\u00f5es&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais f\u00e1cil?<br>\n3. Eu tenho oitenta discos e o meu amigo s\u00f3 tem sessenta discos. Quem&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;que tem menos discos?<br>\n4.&nbsp;0 agente de viagens fala tr\u00eas idiomas e sua mulher tamb\u00e9m. A mulher do agente fala tantos idiomas quanto ele?<br>\n5. Jonas&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;bom aluno. Francisco&nbsp;\u00e9 ainda melhor. Quem&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;melhor aluno?<br>\n6. O Sr. Mendes viaja frequentemente e sua filha tamb\u00e9m viaja frequentemente. A filha viaja tanto quanto o pai?<br>\n7. Joaquim ganha vinte mil escudos por m\u00eas. Manuel tamb\u00e9m ganha vinte mil. Manuel&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;t\u00e3o pobre como Joaquim?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.1 B.<\/strong>&nbsp;Modify each sentence using the&nbsp;<strong>comparative<\/strong>&nbsp;and then the&nbsp;<strong>superlative<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Marcos&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;alto. (Rui\/Jos\u00e9)<\/p>\n<p>(a) Rui&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>mais alto do que<\/strong>&nbsp;Marcos.<br>\n(b) Jos\u00e9&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>o mais alto<\/strong>&nbsp;de todos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Esta m\u00fasica da&nbsp;fita \u00e9 bonita. (a pr\u00f3xima\/a&nbsp;\u00faltima)<br>\n2. Ele&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;bom&nbsp;atleta. (M\u00e1rcia\/Clarissa)<br>\n3. Marcelo&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;inteligente. (seu irm\u00e3o\/seu pai)<br>\n4. Estas frases s\u00e3o f\u00e1ceis. (essas\/aquelas)<br>\n5. Ela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;rica. (L\u00edgia\/Vera)<br>\n6. Aquela casa&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;grande. (a minha\/a sua)<br>\n7. Aquele homem \u00e9&nbsp;mau. (esse\/o criminoso)<br>\n8. Paulo&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;gordo. (seu tio\/seu av\u00f4)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Absolute Superlative - O superlativo absoluto<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>The absolute superlative in Portuguese is generally formed with the ending&nbsp;<strong>-\u00edssimo<\/strong>. This is added to the adjective after the final vowel, if any, has been dropped. The English translation is&nbsp;<strong>very<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>extremely&nbsp;<\/strong>plus the meaning of the adjective.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>lindo - lind<strong>\u00edssimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very&nbsp;or&nbsp;extremely pretty]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>grande - grand<strong>\u00edssimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very&nbsp;or&nbsp;extremely large (or great)]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rico - riqu<strong>\u00edssimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very&nbsp;or&nbsp;extremely rich]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>pouqu\u00edssim<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;pesso<strong>as<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very few people]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;flores car\u00edssim<strong>as<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[the very expensive flowers]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Note: There are a number of irregularities in the formation of the absolute superlative. The most common are:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span>f\u00e1cil - fac<\/span><strong>\u00edlimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very easy]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>dif\u00edcil - dific<strong>\u00edlimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very difficult]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Formal commands - Os imperativos formais<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>For verbs of the first conjugation (-<strong>ar<\/strong>), drop the&nbsp;-<strong>o<\/strong>&nbsp;from the first person singular of the present tense, and add -<strong>e<\/strong>, -<strong>emos<\/strong>, -<strong>em<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span>fechar-&nbsp;fech\/o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Fech<strong>e<\/strong> a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Close the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Fech<strong>emos<\/strong> a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's close the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fech<strong>em<\/strong> a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Close the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>For verbs of the second (-<strong>er<\/strong>) and third (-<strong>ir<\/strong>) conjugations, drop the -o&nbsp;from the first person singular of the present tense and add -<strong>a<\/strong>, -<strong>amos<\/strong>, -<strong>am<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ver - vej\/o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Vej<strong>a<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Look!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Vej<strong>amos<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's look!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vej<strong>am<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Look!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>abrir - abr\/o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Abr<strong>a<\/strong>&nbsp;a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Open the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Abr<strong>amos<\/strong>&nbsp;a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's open the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Abr<strong>am<\/strong>&nbsp;a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Open the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>*The English&nbsp;<em>\"let's\"<\/em> is generally expressed in Portuguese by&nbsp;<strong>vamos<\/strong>&nbsp;plus the infinitive of the verb.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vamos sair<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's leave!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vamos comer<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's eat!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Command forms of reflexive verbs - Os imperativos de verbos reflexivos<\/h4>\n<p>In the affirmative command, the reflexive pronoun follows the verb.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span>vestir-se-&nbsp;<\/span><span>vist\/o-me<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Vist<strong>a-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get dressed!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Vist<strong>amo-nos<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's get dressed!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vist<strong>am-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get dressed!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>levantar-se - levant\/o-me<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Levant<strong>e-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get up!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Levant<strong>emo-nos<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's get up!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Levant<strong>em-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get up!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>In a negative command, the reflexive pronoun must be placed before the verb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>N\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>se<\/strong>&nbsp;esque\u00e7<strong>a<\/strong>&nbsp;de escrever!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Don't forget to write!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>nos<\/strong>&nbsp;levant<strong>emos<\/strong>&nbsp;t\u00e3o cedo!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let's not get up so early!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>Verbs with irregular command forms - Verbos com formas irregulares no imperativo<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IR<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>v\u00e1!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*vamos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>v\u00e3o!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DAR<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>d\u00ea!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*demos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>d\u00eaem!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>ESTAR<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>esteja!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*estejamos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>estejam!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>SER<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>seja!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*sejamos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>sejam!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<h5>13.2 Practice - Pr\u00e1tica<\/h5>\n<p><strong>13.2 A.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[h5p id=\"26\"]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.2 B.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[h5p id=\"27\"]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>13.2 C.<\/strong>&nbsp;Repeat each sentence two times: (1) putting the verb in the singular command form; (2)<br>\nputting the verb in the plural command form.<\/p>\n<p>Levantar-se&nbsp;\u00e0s sete.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (1)&nbsp;<strong>Levante-se<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00e0s sete. (2)&nbsp;<strong>Levantem-se<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00e0s sete.<\/p>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Vestir-se logo.<br>\n2.&nbsp;N\u00e3o sentar-se perto da janela.<br>\n3.&nbsp;Matricular-se logo.<br>\n4.&nbsp;N\u00e3o preocupar-se com isso.<br>\n5.&nbsp;Divertir-se na viagem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Vocabulary - Vocabul\u00e1rio<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"multi\">\n<li>a ag\u00eancia de viagens <em><em>[travel agency]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_001_Age\u0302ncia-de-viagens.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o\/a agente de viagens <em><em>[travel agent]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_002_Agente-de-viagens.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o cartaz<em><em> [poster; billboard]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_003_Cartaz.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o c\u00e9u <em><em>[sky; Heaven]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_004_Ce\u0301u.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>a chuva <em><em>[rain]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_005_Chuva.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o clima <em><em>[climate]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_006_Clima.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>diferente <em><em>[different]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_007_Diferente.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o estrangeiro <em><em>[foreigner]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_008_Estrangeiro.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>europeu, europeia <em><em>[European]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_009_Europeu.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>a foto(grafia) <em><em>[photo(graph)]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_010_Foto.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>igual <em><em>[equal; the same as]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_011_Igual.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o mapa<em><em> [map]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_012_Mapa.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>movimentado, -a <em><em>[full of life, active]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_013_Movimentado.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>a nuvem<em><em> [cloud]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_014_Nuvem.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>a parte<em><em> [part]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_015_Parte.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>a passagem <em><em>[ticket (air, train, etc.)]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_016_Passagem.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>pobre <em><em>[poor]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_017_Pobre.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o povo <em><em>[people of a nation]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_018_Povo.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>a reserva <em><em>[reservation]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_019_Reserva.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>rico, -a <em><em>[rich]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_020_Rico.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o romance <em><em>[novel]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_021_Romance.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o sol<em><em> [sun]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_022_Sol.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o turismo<em><em> [tourism]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_023_Turismo.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>o\/a turista <em><em>[tourist]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_024_Turista.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Verbs - Verbos<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>anunciar<em><em> [to announce]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_025_Anunciar.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>comparar<em><em> [to compare]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_026_Comparar.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>desenvolver-se <em><em>[to develop]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_027_Desenvolver-se.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>fazer reservas <em><em>[to make reservations]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_028_Fazer-reservas.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>incluir<em><em> [to include]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_029_Incluir.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span>incluo<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>incluimos<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>inclui<\/td>\n<td>incluem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>preocupar-se <em><em>[to worry]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_030_Preocupar-se.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>reservar<em><em> [to reserve]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_031_Reservar.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>significar <em><em>[to mean, signify]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_032_Significar.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>tirar fotos <em><em>[to take pictures]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_033_Tirar-fotos.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>treinar <em><em>[to train; to practice]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_034_Treinar.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>trocar <em><em>[change; exchange]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_035_Trocar.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>valer (valho) <em><em>[to be worth]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_036_Valer.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Expressions - Express\u00f5es<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>Isso&nbsp;\u00e9! <em><em>[It certainly is!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_037_Isso-e\u0301.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e3o d\u00e1&nbsp;tempo!<em><em> [There's not enough time!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_038_Na\u0303o-da\u0301-tempo.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>Vale a pena... <em><em>[It's worthwhile...]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_039_Vale-a-pena.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>Vamos! <em><em>[Let's go!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_040_Vamos.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>Vamos embora! <em><em>[Let's get out of here!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_041_Vamos-embora.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<li>Vamos ver... <em><em>[Let's see...]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em>[audio mp3=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_042_Vamos-ver.mp3\"][\/audio]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"shaded\">13.3 Practice - Pr\u00e1tica<\/h5>\n<div class=\"shaded\"><strong>13.3 A.<\/strong> Write in Portuguese:<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Cl\u00e1udia sleeps much more than her roommate.<br>\n2.&nbsp;Those boys are as tall as their father.<br>\n3.&nbsp;Fernando walks slower than I.<br>\n4.&nbsp;Let's talk about more important things.<br>\n5.&nbsp;This novel isn't as interesting as you said.<br>\n6.&nbsp;What is the largest country in the world?<br>\n7.&nbsp;I think that it is Russia. Brazil and the U.S. are smaller than Russia.<br>\n8.&nbsp;There are more than ten new countries in Africa.<br>\n9.&nbsp;This dinner is worse than yesterday's.<br>\n10. There aren't as many people here tonight as there were last night.<br>\n11.&nbsp;Do you think his latest CD is better than his others?<br>\n12. Athletes train as much in the winter as they do in the summer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.3 B.<\/strong> Read the following selection in Portuguese. Then try, with the help of the vocabulary given immediately below, to understand this ad.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>N\u00e3o diga que a comida do restaurante&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;melhor do que a sua, porque n\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9. A diferen\u00e7a est\u00e1&nbsp;no ambiente. Fa\u00e7a uma experi\u00eancia. Cubra a mesa com a toalha mais bonita da casa. Troque os seus&nbsp;pratos comuns por Termo-Rey, que s\u00e3o lindos e t\u00e3o resistentes que podem ir ao forno. Agora apague&nbsp;as luzes, acenda uma vela no centro da mesa e espere aquela pessoa cansada, que chega por volta das&nbsp;7 da noite. Antes dela perguntar a raz\u00e3o dessa loucura, sirva o seu santo arroz com feij\u00e3o de todos os&nbsp;dias. Voc\u00ea&nbsp;vai encontrar mais satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o em casa que em qualquer restaurante.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>acender <em>[to light, turn on]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a loucura <em>[madness]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>apagar<em> [to erase; turn off]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a raz\u00e3o <em>[reason]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>cubra (from cobrir) <em>[cover]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a toalha <em>[tablecloth]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>o forno <em>[oven]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a vela <em>[candle]<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n","rendered":"<div>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"educationalUse\">Learning Objectives &#8211; Objetivos da Li\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Li\u00e7\u00e3o 13<\/strong>&nbsp;presents:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>comparatives of superiority,&nbsp;inferiority <\/b>and <strong>equality<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>superlatives, <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>commands,<\/strong> and<\/li>\n<li>relevant&nbsp;vocabulary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>After completing this lesson, the student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>compare objects in terms of superiority, inferiority, and equality.<\/li>\n<li>give commands.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Grammar &#8211; Gram\u00e1tica<\/h2>\n<h3>Comparatives &#8211;&nbsp;Os comparativos<\/h3>\n<p>To form the comparative in Portuguese it is necessary to place the words <strong>mais<\/strong> or <strong>menos<\/strong>&nbsp;before the adjective, or adverb or noun:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ele&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;alto; eles s\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>mais&nbsp;altos<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[He is tall; they are&nbsp;<strong>taller<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Esta li\u00e7\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;dif\u00edcil; aquela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>menos dif\u00edcil<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[This lesson is difficult; that one is&nbsp;<strong>less difficult<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu me levanto cedo; ele se levanta&nbsp;<strong>mais cedo<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I get up early; he gets up&nbsp;<strong>earlier<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N\u00f3s&nbsp;\u00edamos ao cinema toda semana;&nbsp;agora vou&nbsp;<strong>menos frequentemente<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[We used to go to the movies every week; now I go&nbsp;<strong>less frequently<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tenho pouco dinheiro; Paulo tem&nbsp;<strong>menos dinheiro<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>&nbsp;[I have little money; Paul has&nbsp;<strong>less<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Elsa tem muitas blusas; Teresa tem mais blusas.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Elsa has a lot of shirts; Teresa has&nbsp;<strong>more<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express the word&nbsp;than&nbsp;in a comparative sentence, one uses either&nbsp;<strong>do que<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>que<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais alta&nbsp;<strong>(do) que<\/strong>&nbsp;Maria.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She is&nbsp;taller&nbsp;<strong>than<\/strong>&nbsp;Mary.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Estas li\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00eam&nbsp;menos exerc\u00edcios&nbsp;<strong>(do) que<\/strong>&nbsp;as outras.<\/td>\n<td><em>[These lessons have&nbsp;fewer exercises&nbsp;<strong>than<\/strong>&nbsp;the others.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Formation of the superlative &#8211; A forma\u00e7\u00e3o do superlativo<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To form the superlative in Portuguese it is necessary to use the definite article before the comparative form of the adjective or adverb:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Andr\u00e9, Pedro e M\u00e1rio s\u00e3o altos. Andre \u00e9&nbsp;<strong>o mais alto<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Andr\u00e9, Pedro and M\u00e1rio are tall. Andr\u00e9 is&nbsp;<strong>the tallest<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela leu&nbsp;<strong>o<\/strong>&nbsp;romance&nbsp;<strong>mais interessante<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She read&nbsp;<strong>the most interesting<\/strong>&nbsp;novel.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Estas ilhas s\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>as menos conhecidas<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[These islands are&nbsp;<strong>the least known<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express&nbsp;<strong>in<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>of<\/strong>&nbsp;after a superlative, use the word&nbsp;<strong>de<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;a mais alta&nbsp;<strong>d<\/strong>as tr\u00eas.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She is the tallest&nbsp;<strong>of&nbsp;<\/strong>the three.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00c9 o pa\u00eds menos desenvolvido&nbsp;<strong>d<\/strong>o mundo.<\/td>\n<td><em>[It is the least developed country<strong>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<\/strong>the world.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express&nbsp;<strong>more than<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>less than&nbsp;(fewer than)<\/strong> before numerals, use <strong>mais de<\/strong> or <strong>menos de<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ele tem&nbsp;<strong>mais de<\/strong>&nbsp;vinte primos.<\/td>\n<td><em>[He has&nbsp;<strong>more than<\/strong>&nbsp;twenty cousins.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Menos de<\/strong>&nbsp;quarenta pessoas apareceram.<\/td>\n<td><em>[<strong>Fewer than<\/strong>&nbsp;40 people appeared.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Comparatives of equality&nbsp;are formed by placing the&nbsp;<strong>adjective<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>adverb<\/strong>&nbsp;between the invariable&nbsp;words&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o&#8230;&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o&#8230; como<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu sou&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;inteligente&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;ele.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I am&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;intelligent&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;he.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu sou&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;inteligente&nbsp;<strong>como<\/strong>&nbsp;ele.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Levanto-me&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;cedo&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;voc\u00ea.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I get up&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;early&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;you.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Levanto-me&nbsp;<strong>t\u00e3o<\/strong>&nbsp;cedo&nbsp;<strong>como<\/strong>&nbsp;voc\u00ea.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>As much (As many)&#8230;&nbsp;<\/strong>as&nbsp;expressed by&nbsp;<strong>tanto&nbsp;(tantos)&#8230;&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>.&nbsp;<strong>Tanto<\/strong>&nbsp;is an adjective and must agree in gender and number with the <strong>noun<\/strong> it modifies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Edu tem&nbsp;<strong>tanto<\/strong>&nbsp;dinheiro&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;Cl\u00f3vis.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Edu has&nbsp;<strong>as much<\/strong>&nbsp;money&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;Cl\u00f3vis.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu falo&nbsp;<strong>tantas&nbsp;<\/strong>l\u00ednguas&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;ele.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I speak&nbsp;<strong>as many<\/strong>&nbsp;languages&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;he.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ela faz&nbsp;<strong>tantos<\/strong>&nbsp;projetos&nbsp;<strong>quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;eu.<\/td>\n<td><em>[She develops&nbsp;<strong>as many<\/strong>&nbsp;projects&nbsp;<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;I.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>To express&nbsp;<strong>as much as<\/strong>, use&nbsp;<strong>tanto quanto<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>O pai fala&nbsp;<strong>tanto&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;a filha.<\/td>\n<td><em>[The father talks&nbsp;<strong>as much as<\/strong>&nbsp;the daughter.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Trabalhamos&nbsp;<strong>tanto&nbsp;quanto<\/strong>&nbsp;voc\u00ea.<\/td>\n<td><em>[We work&nbsp;<strong>as much as<\/strong>&nbsp;you.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Adjectives and adverbs with irregular comparative forms &#8211; Adjetivos e adv\u00e9rbios com comparativos irregulares<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Adjectives<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Comparative<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>bom, boa<\/td>\n<td><em>[good]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>melhor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[better]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mau, m\u00e1<\/td>\n<td><em>[bad]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>pior<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[worse]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>grande<\/td>\n<td><em>[big, large, great, grand]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>maior<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[bigger, larger, greater, grander]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pequeno, -a<\/td>\n<td><em>[small, little (size)]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>menor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[smaller]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>muito, -a<\/td>\n<td><em>[much, many]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>mais<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[more]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pouco, -a<\/td>\n<td><em>[little (amount), few]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>menos<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[fewer, less]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>A sua casa \u00e9 grande, mas a minha \u00e9&nbsp;<strong>maior.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[Your house is big, but mine is <b>bigger<\/b>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>O vinho franc\u00eas \u00e9 bom, mas eu acho que o vinho portugu\u00eas \u00e9&nbsp;<strong>melhor<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[French wine is good, but I think that Portuguese wine is <b>better<\/b>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Adverbs<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Comparative<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>muito<\/td>\n<td><em>[a lot]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>mais<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[more]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pouco<\/td>\n<td><em>[little]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>menos<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[less]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bem<\/td>\n<td><em>[well]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>melhor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[better]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mal<\/td>\n<td><em>[badly, poorly]<\/em><\/td>\n<td><strong>pior<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em>[worse]<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Eu falo espanhol muito bem, mas falo ingl\u00eas&nbsp;<strong>melhor<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[I speak Spanish well, but I speak English&nbsp;<strong>better<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Guilherme estuda muito, mas a Gisele estuda&nbsp;<strong>mais<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><em>[Guilherme studies a lot, but Gisele studies&nbsp;<strong>more<\/strong>.]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5>13.1 Practice &#8211; Pr\u00e1tica<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.1 A.<\/strong>&nbsp;Answer each question with a complete sentence, using the&nbsp;<strong>comparative<\/strong>&nbsp;in each reply.<\/p>\n<p>Raul&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;inteligente mas Nei n\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;t\u00e3o inteligente. Qual&nbsp;dos dois&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais inteligente?<br \/>\n-Raul&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>mais inteligente do que<\/strong>&nbsp;Nei.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Celso tem 15 anos mas a irm\u00e3 tem 12 anos. Qual dos dois&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais velho?<br \/>\n2.&nbsp;A primeira li\u00e7\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;dif\u00edcil, mas a quinta&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;dific\u00edlima. Qual das duas li\u00e7\u00f5es&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;mais f\u00e1cil?<br \/>\n3. Eu tenho oitenta discos e o meu amigo s\u00f3 tem sessenta discos. Quem&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;que tem menos discos?<br \/>\n4.&nbsp;0 agente de viagens fala tr\u00eas idiomas e sua mulher tamb\u00e9m. A mulher do agente fala tantos idiomas quanto ele?<br \/>\n5. Jonas&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;bom aluno. Francisco&nbsp;\u00e9 ainda melhor. Quem&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;melhor aluno?<br \/>\n6. O Sr. Mendes viaja frequentemente e sua filha tamb\u00e9m viaja frequentemente. A filha viaja tanto quanto o pai?<br \/>\n7. Joaquim ganha vinte mil escudos por m\u00eas. Manuel tamb\u00e9m ganha vinte mil. Manuel&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;t\u00e3o pobre como Joaquim?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.1 B.<\/strong>&nbsp;Modify each sentence using the&nbsp;<strong>comparative<\/strong>&nbsp;and then the&nbsp;<strong>superlative<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Marcos&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;alto. (Rui\/Jos\u00e9)<\/p>\n<p>(a) Rui&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>mais alto do que<\/strong>&nbsp;Marcos.<br \/>\n(b) Jos\u00e9&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>o mais alto<\/strong>&nbsp;de todos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Esta m\u00fasica da&nbsp;fita \u00e9 bonita. (a pr\u00f3xima\/a&nbsp;\u00faltima)<br \/>\n2. Ele&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;bom&nbsp;atleta. (M\u00e1rcia\/Clarissa)<br \/>\n3. Marcelo&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;inteligente. (seu irm\u00e3o\/seu pai)<br \/>\n4. Estas frases s\u00e3o f\u00e1ceis. (essas\/aquelas)<br \/>\n5. Ela&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;rica. (L\u00edgia\/Vera)<br \/>\n6. Aquela casa&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;grande. (a minha\/a sua)<br \/>\n7. Aquele homem \u00e9&nbsp;mau. (esse\/o criminoso)<br \/>\n8. Paulo&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;gordo. (seu tio\/seu av\u00f4)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Absolute Superlative &#8211; O superlativo absoluto<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>The absolute superlative in Portuguese is generally formed with the ending&nbsp;<strong>-\u00edssimo<\/strong>. This is added to the adjective after the final vowel, if any, has been dropped. The English translation is&nbsp;<strong>very<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>extremely&nbsp;<\/strong>plus the meaning of the adjective.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>lindo &#8211; lind<strong>\u00edssimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very&nbsp;or&nbsp;extremely pretty]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>grande &#8211; grand<strong>\u00edssimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very&nbsp;or&nbsp;extremely large (or great)]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rico &#8211; riqu<strong>\u00edssimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very&nbsp;or&nbsp;extremely rich]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>pouqu\u00edssim<strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;pesso<strong>as<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very few people]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>as<\/strong>&nbsp;flores car\u00edssim<strong>as<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[the very expensive flowers]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Note: There are a number of irregularities in the formation of the absolute superlative. The most common are:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>f\u00e1cil &#8211; fac<strong>\u00edlimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very easy]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>dif\u00edcil &#8211; dific<strong>\u00edlimo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>[very difficult]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Formal commands &#8211; Os imperativos formais<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>For verbs of the first conjugation (-<strong>ar<\/strong>), drop the&nbsp;&#8211;<strong>o<\/strong>&nbsp;from the first person singular of the present tense, and add &#8211;<strong>e<\/strong>, &#8211;<strong>emos<\/strong>, &#8211;<strong>em<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>fechar-&nbsp;fech\/o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Fech<strong>e<\/strong> a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Close the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Fech<strong>emos<\/strong> a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s close the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fech<strong>em<\/strong> a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Close the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>For verbs of the second (-<strong>er<\/strong>) and third (-<strong>ir<\/strong>) conjugations, drop the -o&nbsp;from the first person singular of the present tense and add &#8211;<strong>a<\/strong>, &#8211;<strong>amos<\/strong>, &#8211;<strong>am<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ver &#8211; vej\/o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Vej<strong>a<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Look!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Vej<strong>amos<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s look!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vej<strong>am<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Look!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>abrir &#8211; abr\/o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Abr<strong>a<\/strong>&nbsp;a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Open the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Abr<strong>amos<\/strong>&nbsp;a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s open the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Abr<strong>am<\/strong>&nbsp;a porta!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Open the door!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>*The English&nbsp;<em>&#8220;let&#8217;s&#8221;<\/em> is generally expressed in Portuguese by&nbsp;<strong>vamos<\/strong>&nbsp;plus the infinitive of the verb.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vamos sair<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s leave!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vamos comer<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s eat!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Command forms of reflexive verbs &#8211; Os imperativos de verbos reflexivos<\/h4>\n<p>In the affirmative command, the reflexive pronoun follows the verb.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>vestir-se-&nbsp;vist\/o-me<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Vist<strong>a-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get dressed!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Vist<strong>amo-nos<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s get dressed!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vist<strong>am-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get dressed!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>levantar-se &#8211; levant\/o-me<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Levant<strong>e-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get up!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>*Levant<strong>emo-nos<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s get up!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Levant<strong>em-se<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Get up!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>In a negative command, the reflexive pronoun must be placed before the verb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>N\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>se<\/strong>&nbsp;esque\u00e7<strong>a<\/strong>&nbsp;de escrever!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Don&#8217;t forget to write!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N\u00e3o&nbsp;<strong>nos<\/strong>&nbsp;levant<strong>emos<\/strong>&nbsp;t\u00e3o cedo!<\/td>\n<td><em>[Let&#8217;s not get up so early!]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>Verbs with irregular command forms &#8211; Verbos com formas irregulares no imperativo<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IR<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>v\u00e1!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*vamos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>v\u00e3o!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DAR<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>d\u00ea!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*demos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>d\u00eaem!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>ESTAR<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>esteja!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*estejamos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>estejam!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>SER<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>seja!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>*sejamos!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>sejam!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<h5>13.2 Practice &#8211; Pr\u00e1tica<\/h5>\n<p><strong>13.2 A.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.2 B.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>13.2 C.<\/strong>&nbsp;Repeat each sentence two times: (1) putting the verb in the singular command form; (2)<br \/>\nputting the verb in the plural command form.<\/p>\n<p>Levantar-se&nbsp;\u00e0s sete.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (1)&nbsp;<strong>Levante-se<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00e0s sete. (2)&nbsp;<strong>Levantem-se<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00e0s sete.<\/p>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Vestir-se logo.<br \/>\n2.&nbsp;N\u00e3o sentar-se perto da janela.<br \/>\n3.&nbsp;Matricular-se logo.<br \/>\n4.&nbsp;N\u00e3o preocupar-se com isso.<br \/>\n5.&nbsp;Divertir-se na viagem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Vocabulary &#8211; Vocabul\u00e1rio<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"multi\">\n<li>a ag\u00eancia de viagens <em><em>[travel agency]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]--><br \/>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_001_Age\u0302ncia-de-viagens.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_001_Age\u0302ncia-de-viagens.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_001_Age\u0302ncia-de-viagens.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o\/a agente de viagens <em><em>[travel agent]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_002_Agente-de-viagens.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_002_Agente-de-viagens.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_002_Agente-de-viagens.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o cartaz<em><em> [poster; billboard]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-3\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_003_Cartaz.mp3?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_003_Cartaz.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_003_Cartaz.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o c\u00e9u <em><em>[sky; Heaven]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-4\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_004_Ce\u0301u.mp3?_=4\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_004_Ce\u0301u.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_004_Ce\u0301u.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>a chuva <em><em>[rain]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-5\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_005_Chuva.mp3?_=5\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_005_Chuva.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_005_Chuva.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o clima <em><em>[climate]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-6\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_006_Clima.mp3?_=6\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_006_Clima.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_006_Clima.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>diferente <em><em>[different]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-7\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_007_Diferente.mp3?_=7\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_007_Diferente.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_007_Diferente.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o estrangeiro <em><em>[foreigner]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-8\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_008_Estrangeiro.mp3?_=8\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_008_Estrangeiro.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_008_Estrangeiro.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>europeu, europeia <em><em>[European]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-9\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_009_Europeu.mp3?_=9\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_009_Europeu.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_009_Europeu.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>a foto(grafia) <em><em>[photo(graph)]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-10\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_010_Foto.mp3?_=10\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_010_Foto.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_010_Foto.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>igual <em><em>[equal; the same as]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-11\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_011_Igual.mp3?_=11\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_011_Igual.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_011_Igual.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o mapa<em><em> [map]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-12\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_012_Mapa.mp3?_=12\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_012_Mapa.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_012_Mapa.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>movimentado, -a <em><em>[full of life, active]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-13\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_013_Movimentado.mp3?_=13\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_013_Movimentado.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_013_Movimentado.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>a nuvem<em><em> [cloud]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-14\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_014_Nuvem.mp3?_=14\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_014_Nuvem.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_014_Nuvem.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>a parte<em><em> [part]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-15\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_015_Parte.mp3?_=15\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_015_Parte.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_015_Parte.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>a passagem <em><em>[ticket (air, train, etc.)]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-16\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_016_Passagem.mp3?_=16\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_016_Passagem.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_016_Passagem.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>pobre <em><em>[poor]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-17\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_017_Pobre.mp3?_=17\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_017_Pobre.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_017_Pobre.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o povo <em><em>[people of a nation]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-18\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_018_Povo.mp3?_=18\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_018_Povo.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_018_Povo.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>a reserva <em><em>[reservation]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-19\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_019_Reserva.mp3?_=19\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_019_Reserva.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_019_Reserva.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>rico, -a <em><em>[rich]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-20\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_020_Rico.mp3?_=20\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_020_Rico.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_020_Rico.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o romance <em><em>[novel]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-21\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_021_Romance.mp3?_=21\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_021_Romance.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_021_Romance.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o sol<em><em> [sun]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-22\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_022_Sol.mp3?_=22\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_022_Sol.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_022_Sol.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o turismo<em><em> [tourism]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-23\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_023_Turismo.mp3?_=23\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_023_Turismo.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_023_Turismo.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>o\/a turista <em><em>[tourist]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-24\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_024_Turista.mp3?_=24\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_024_Turista.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_024_Turista.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Verbs &#8211; Verbos<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>anunciar<em><em> [to announce]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-25\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_025_Anunciar.mp3?_=25\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_025_Anunciar.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_025_Anunciar.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>comparar<em><em> [to compare]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-26\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_026_Comparar.mp3?_=26\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_026_Comparar.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_026_Comparar.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>desenvolver-se <em><em>[to develop]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-27\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_027_Desenvolver-se.mp3?_=27\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_027_Desenvolver-se.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_027_Desenvolver-se.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>fazer reservas <em><em>[to make reservations]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-28\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_028_Fazer-reservas.mp3?_=28\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_028_Fazer-reservas.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_028_Fazer-reservas.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>incluir<em><em> [to include]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-29\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_029_Incluir.mp3?_=29\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_029_Incluir.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_029_Incluir.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>incluo<\/td>\n<td>incluimos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>inclui<\/td>\n<td>incluem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>preocupar-se <em><em>[to worry]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-30\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_030_Preocupar-se.mp3?_=30\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_030_Preocupar-se.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_030_Preocupar-se.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>reservar<em><em> [to reserve]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-31\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_031_Reservar.mp3?_=31\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_031_Reservar.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_031_Reservar.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>significar <em><em>[to mean, signify]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-32\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_032_Significar.mp3?_=32\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_032_Significar.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_032_Significar.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>tirar fotos <em><em>[to take pictures]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-33\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_033_Tirar-fotos.mp3?_=33\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_033_Tirar-fotos.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_033_Tirar-fotos.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>treinar <em><em>[to train; to practice]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-34\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_034_Treinar.mp3?_=34\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_034_Treinar.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_034_Treinar.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>trocar <em><em>[change; exchange]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-35\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_035_Trocar.mp3?_=35\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_035_Trocar.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_035_Trocar.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>valer (valho) <em><em>[to be worth]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-36\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_036_Valer.mp3?_=36\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_036_Valer.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_036_Valer.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Expressions &#8211; Express\u00f5es<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>Isso&nbsp;\u00e9! <em><em>[It certainly is!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-37\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_037_Isso-e\u0301.mp3?_=37\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_037_Isso-e\u0301.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_037_Isso-e\u0301.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>N\u00e3o d\u00e1&nbsp;tempo!<em><em> [There&#8217;s not enough time!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-38\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_038_Na\u0303o-da\u0301-tempo.mp3?_=38\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_038_Na\u0303o-da\u0301-tempo.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_038_Na\u0303o-da\u0301-tempo.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>Vale a pena&#8230; <em><em>[It&#8217;s worthwhile&#8230;]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-39\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_039_Vale-a-pena.mp3?_=39\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_039_Vale-a-pena.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_039_Vale-a-pena.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>Vamos! <em><em>[Let&#8217;s go!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-40\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_040_Vamos.mp3?_=40\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_040_Vamos.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_040_Vamos.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>Vamos embora! <em><em>[Let&#8217;s get out of here!]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-41\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_041_Vamos-embora.mp3?_=41\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_041_Vamos-embora.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_041_Vamos-embora.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<li>Vamos ver&#8230; <em><em>[Let&#8217;s see&#8230;]&nbsp;<\/em><\/em><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-72-42\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_042_Vamos-ver.mp3?_=42\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_042_Vamos-ver.mp3\">https:\/\/wisc.pb.unizin.org\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2016\/08\/L13_042_Vamos-ver.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"shaded\">13.3 Practice &#8211; Pr\u00e1tica<\/h5>\n<div class=\"shaded\"><strong>13.3 A.<\/strong> Write in Portuguese:<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>1. Cl\u00e1udia sleeps much more than her roommate.<br \/>\n2.&nbsp;Those boys are as tall as their father.<br \/>\n3.&nbsp;Fernando walks slower than I.<br \/>\n4.&nbsp;Let&#8217;s talk about more important things.<br \/>\n5.&nbsp;This novel isn&#8217;t as interesting as you said.<br \/>\n6.&nbsp;What is the largest country in the world?<br \/>\n7.&nbsp;I think that it is Russia. Brazil and the U.S. are smaller than Russia.<br \/>\n8.&nbsp;There are more than ten new countries in Africa.<br \/>\n9.&nbsp;This dinner is worse than yesterday&#8217;s.<br \/>\n10. There aren&#8217;t as many people here tonight as there were last night.<br \/>\n11.&nbsp;Do you think his latest CD is better than his others?<br \/>\n12. Athletes train as much in the winter as they do in the summer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded\">\n<p><strong>13.3 B.<\/strong> Read the following selection in Portuguese. Then try, with the help of the vocabulary given immediately below, to understand this ad.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shaded textbox\">\n<p>N\u00e3o diga que a comida do restaurante&nbsp;\u00e9&nbsp;melhor do que a sua, porque n\u00e3o&nbsp;\u00e9. A diferen\u00e7a est\u00e1&nbsp;no ambiente. Fa\u00e7a uma experi\u00eancia. Cubra a mesa com a toalha mais bonita da casa. Troque os seus&nbsp;pratos comuns por Termo-Rey, que s\u00e3o lindos e t\u00e3o resistentes que podem ir ao forno. Agora apague&nbsp;as luzes, acenda uma vela no centro da mesa e espere aquela pessoa cansada, que chega por volta das&nbsp;7 da noite. Antes dela perguntar a raz\u00e3o dessa loucura, sirva o seu santo arroz com feij\u00e3o de todos os&nbsp;dias. Voc\u00ea&nbsp;vai encontrar mais satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o em casa que em qualquer restaurante.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>acender <em>[to light, turn on]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a loucura <em>[madness]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>apagar<em> [to erase; turn off]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a raz\u00e3o <em>[reason]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>cubra (from cobrir) <em>[cover]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a toalha <em>[tablecloth]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>o forno <em>[oven]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>a vela <em>[candle]<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-72","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":23,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":73,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72\/revisions\/73"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/23"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=72"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=72"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.publiconsulting.com\/wordpress\/portugues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=72"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}